Doppler WSR-88 Weather Surveillance Radar (NEXRAD) and WSR-57

Radar Technology

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U.S.
Geological Survey

U.S.
Fish & Wildlife Service

The University of Southern Mississippi

Where online versions are available, the link is provided on the title.

NEXRAD (NEXt generation RADar) is also known as Weather Surveillance Radar, 1988 Doppler (WSR-88D). Pictured is the tower which houses the antennae inside the radome.

Able, K.P. 1970. A radar study of the altitude of nocturnal passerine migration. Journal of Field Ornithology 41: 282-290.

Bellrose, F.C., and R.R. Graber. 1963. A radar study of flight directions of nocturnal migrants. Pp. 362-389 in C.G. Sibley (editor). Proceedings of the XIII International Ornithological Congress, Ithaca, NY. American Ornithologists' Union, Baton Rouge, LA.

Diehl, R.H., and R.P. Larkin. 2005. Introduction to the WSR-88D (NEXRAD) for ornithological research. Pp. 876-888 in C.J. Ralph and T.D. Rich (editors). Bird conservation implementation and integration in the Americas: Proceedings of the Third International Partners in Flight Conference, Vol. 2. General Technical Report PSW-GTR-191. USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, Albany, CA.

Diehl, R.H., R.P. Larkin, and J.E. Black. 2003. Bird migration around the Great Lakes on Doppler radar: implications for habitat conservation. Auk 120: 278-290.

Doviak, R.J., and D.S. Zrnic. 1993. Doppler radar and weather observations. Academic Press, San Diego, CA. [Read Chapter 8]

Farnsworth, A., S.A. Gauthreaux, Jr., and D. Van Blaricom. 2004. A comparison of nocturnal call counts of migrating birds and reflectivity measurements on Doppler radar. Journal of Avian Biology 35: 365-369.

Gauthreaux, Jr., S.A. 1970. Weather radar quantification of bird migration. BioScience 20: 17-20.

Gauthreaux, Jr., S.A. 1971. A radar and direct visual study of passerine spring migration in southern Louisiana. Auk 88: 343-365.

Gauthreaux, Jr., S.A. 1972. Behavioral responses of migrating birds to daylight and darkness: A radar and direct visual study. Wilson Bulletin 84: 136-148.

Gauthreaux, Jr., S.A. 1991. The flight behavior of migrating birds in changing wind fields: radar and visual analyses. American Zoologist 31: 187-204.

Gauthreaux, Jr., S.A. 1992. The use of weather radar to monitor long-term patterns of trans-Gulf migration in spring. Pp. 96-100 in J.M. Hagan and D.W. Johnston (editors). Ecology and conservation of neotropical migrant landbirds. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C.

Gauthreaux, Jr., S.A. 1994. Long-term radar surveillance of bird migration. Journal für Ornithologie 135: 504.

Gauthreaux, Jr., S.A., and C.G. Belser. 1998. Displays of bird movements on the WSR-88D: patterns and quantification. Weather and Forecasting 13: 453-464.

Gauthreaux, Jr., S.A., and C.G. Belser. 1999. “Reply” to displays of bird movements on the WSR-88D: patterns and quantification. Weather and Forecasting 14: 1041-1042.

Gauthreaux, Jr., S.A., and C.G. Belser. 1999. Bird migration in the region of the Gulf of Mexico. Pp. 1931-1947 in N.J. Adams and R.H. Slotow (editors). Proceedings of the 22nd International Ornithological Congress. BirdLife South Africa, Johannesburg, South Africa.

Gauthreaux, Jr., S.A. and C.G. Belser. 2003. Bird movements on Doppler weather surveillance radar. Birding 35: 616-628.

Gauthreaux, Jr., S.A., C.G. Belser, and D. Van Blaricom. 2003. Using a network of WSR-88D weather surveillance radars to define patterns of bird migration at large spatial scales. Pp. 335-346 in P. Berthold, E. Gwinner, and E. Sonnenschein (editors). Avian migration. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany.

Gauthreaux, Jr., S.A., C.G. Belser, and C.M. Welch. 2006. Atmospheric trajectories and spring bird migration across the Gulf of Mexico. Journal of Ornithology 147: 317-325.

Koistinen, J. 2000. Bird migration patterns on weather radars. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth (B) 25: 1185-1193.

Larkin, R.P. 1984. The potential of the NEXRAD radar system for warning of bird hazards. Pp. 369-379 in Proceedings of the Wildlife Hazards to Aircraft Conference and Workshop. Federal Aviation Administration, Charleston, SC.

O' Bannon, T. 1995. Anomalous WSR-88D Wind Profiles—Migrating Birds? Pp. 663-665 in Preprints for the 27th Conference on Radar Meteorology, American Meteorological Society, Vail, CO.

Richardson, W.J. 1982. Northeastward reverse migration of birds over Nova Scotia, Canada, in autumn. Journal of Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 10:193-206.

Russell, K.R. and S.A. Gauthreaux, Jr. 1998. Use of weather radar to characterize movements of roosting purple martins. Wildlife Society Bulletin 26: 5-16.

Russell, K.R. and S.A. Gauthreaux, Jr. 1999. Spatial and temporal dynamics of a purple martin pre-migratory roost. Wilson Bulletin 111: 354-362.

Russell, K.R., D.S. Mizrahi, and S.A. Gauthreaux, Jr. 1998. Large-scale mapping of purple martin pre-migratory roosts. Journal of Field Ornithology 69: 316-325.

Simons, T.R., F.R. Moore, and S.A. Gauthreaux, Jr. 2004. Mist netting trans-Gulf migrants at coastal stopover sites: the influence of spatial and temporal ariability on capture data. Pp. 135-143 in C.J. Ralph and E.H. Dunn (editors). Monitoring bird populations using mist nets. Studies in Avian Biology No. 29.

Williams, T.C., P. Berkeley, and V. Harris. 1977. Autumnal bird migration over Miami studied by radar: a possible test of the wind drift hypothesis. Journal of Field Ornithology 48: 1-10.

Wilson, J., and H. Baynton. 1980. Operational application of meteorological Doppler radar. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 61: 1154-1168.

Zhang, P., A. Ryzhkov, and D. Zrnic. 2006. Polarimetric prototype of the WSR-88D radar observations of birds and insects. CD-ROM in Preprints, 12th Conference on Aviation, Range, and Aerospace Meteorology. American Meteorological Society, Boston, MA